Gender aspects of the Republic of Moldova’s pension system
3.3. Gender discrepancy of the indexes of life expectancy in Moldova and their dynamics.
The differences in the mortality rates for men and women lead to significant gender discrepancies in the life expectancy of Moldovan people. So in 2004 the average statistic Moldovan leaved only up to 64,6 years, while the average statistic life expectancy of women was significantly higher – 72,5 years. As result the gender difference in the “life expectancy at birth” constituted 7,9 years. According to international standards, this value of the analyzed index could be evaluated as “medium” (Picture 6). At least this evaluation is applicable for the European and CIS countries. Great values of the index are characteristic mainly for the countries of the Central, Eastern Europe and CIS countries. In the countries of the Western Europe, the discrepancy between the life expectancy of men and women is significantly lower than in Moldova.
In general in the recent years the life expectancy at birth for men and women increased gradually, very slow, but steady. From 1981 to 2004 the men’s life expectancy increased by two years and women’s – by about three years.
Therefore if evaluate the dynamics of gender differences in the life expectancy of Moldovan people for this period, it is to be mentioned that it is negative: the differences in the life expectancy for men and women increased for all ages; but differently. So the difference in the life expectancy at birth increased by one year. This index, calculated for those who lived till 15 years, increased by 1,3-1,4 years; who lived till 45 years – by 1,6 years and for those who lived till 65 years – by 0,7 years. Such dynamics demonstrates the growth of the impact of population life expectancy on gender asymmetry of Moldovan pension system.
Source: data of the National Statistics Bureau.
Picture 6. Gender differences in the life expectancy in CIS and European countries.
Source: data of the National Statistics Bureau of the Republic of Moldova, Federal Service of State Statistics of the Russian Federation.
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